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Hybrids and Induced Amphiploids Involving Agropyron curvifolium, A. repens , and A. desertorum 1
Author(s) -
Dewey Douglas R.
Publication year - 1980
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1980.0011183x002000040013x
Subject(s) - repens , biology , agropyron , hybrid , meiosis , chromosome pairing , botany , anaphase , pollen , ploidy , telophase , chromosome , genetics , gene
Agropyron curvifolium Lange (2n=28) was hybridized with Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. (2n=42). An amphiploid (2n=70) was produced by treatment of an F 1 (2n=35) with colchicine. The purposes of this study were to determine the mode of pollination and nature of polyploidy in A. curvifolium ; to describe the morphology, cytology, and fertility of F 1 hybrids and a C 0 amphiploid of A. repens × A. curvifolium ; and to describe a threespecies amphiploid hybrid involving A. repens , A. curvifolium , and A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. Most A. curvifolium plants were highly self‐sterile. Occasional quadrivalents in all A. curvifolium plants at metaphase I indicated that they were partial autoploids whose genome formula could be written as E 1 E 1 E 2 E 2 . Chromosome pairing in the F 1 hybrids averaged 14.82 I , 9.73 II , 0.20 III , and 0.03 IV . Most, if not all, pairing was the consequence of autosyndesis. The genome formula of the F 3 was designated as E 1 E 2 S 1 S 2 X. Chromosome doubling of the F 1 hybrid increased plant height 20 to 25 cm. The amphiploid was meiotically irregular, averaging 6.02 univalents at metaphase I, 1.43 laggards at anaphase I, and 2.01 micronuclei per quartet. In spite of meiotic Irregularity, the amphiploid produced 90% stainable pollen. Some C 1 progeny were the result of crossing of the A. repens‐A. curvifolium C 0 amphiploid (2n=70) to an A. repens‐A. desertorum C 0 amphiploid (2n=70). The three‐species amphiploid hybrids averaged 71% stainable pollen. The three‐species amphiploid hybrids were the most vigorous plants in the study and they may warrant the attention of grass breeders.