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Inheritance of Soybean Seed Quality I. Heritability of Laboratory Germination and Field Emergence 1
Author(s) -
Green D. E.,
Pinnell E. L.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1968.0011183x000800010003x
Subject(s) - heritability , biology , germination , seedling , population , horticulture , inheritance (genetic algorithm) , selection (genetic algorithm) , botany , agronomy , genetics , demography , gene , artificial intelligence , sociology , computer science
Individual plants of parental, F 1 and F 2 populations, and F 3 progenies of soybeans were evaluated for seed quality as measured by seedling emergence percentage in the field and by six determinations made in a standard laboratory test. The laboratory determinations were percent normal seedlings plus hard seed, normal seedlings at 5 days, total normal seedlings, abnormal seedlings, decayed or dead seed, and hard seed. Five parental populations consisted of two commercial varieties, Chippewa and Harosoy 63, and three Japanese strains, Wasedaizu No. 1 (PI261469), Matsuura (PI200499), and Kimusume (PI229336). Six F 1 and six segregating (F 2 and F 3 ) populations were produced from crosses of each Japanese strain as female parent with each of the commercial varieties. Estimates of broad sense heritability for the field emergence and laboratory germination characters were generally low positive or negative values because of high environmental variances in parents and F 1 's. Narrow sense heritabilities ranged from 3 to 29% for field emergence, from 2 to 60% for the three determinations of normal seedlings in laboratory germination tests, and from 31 to 71% for hard seed. F a population means for the seed quality characters were usually equal to or higher than the mid‐parent values. In each cross 10 to 20% of the F 3 families exceeded the high parent for field emergence. Thus, improvement in this character from selection would seem easy, in spite of the low calculated heritabilities, if selection pressure is applied on F 3 to F n families rather than on single plants and if some replication is used in producing family seed for testing. Percentages of normal seedlings plus hard seed, normal seedlings at 5 days, and total normal seedlings were about equally well correlated with percentages of normal seedlings in field emergence tests. Abnormal seedling and hard seed percentage in laboratory tests were not as closely associated with field emergence.