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Use of Industrial Byproducts to Filter Phosphorus and Pesticides in Golf Green Drainage Water
Author(s) -
Agrawal Sheela G.,
King Kevin W.,
Moore James F.,
Levison Phil,
McDonald Jon
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2010.0390
Subject(s) - environmental science , drainage , chlorothalonil , effluent , environmental engineering , pulp and paper industry , filter (signal processing) , filter press , chemistry , pesticide , agronomy , engineering , ecology , biology , electrical engineering
Golf courses are vulnerable to phosphate (PO 4 3− ) and pesticide loss by infiltration of the sandy, porous grass rooting media used and through subsurface tile drainage. In this study, an effort was made to remove PO 4 3− , chlorothalonil, mefenoxam, and propiconazole in a golf green's drainage water with a filter blend comprised of industrial byproducts, including granulated blast furnace slag, cement kiln dust, silica sand, coconut shell–activated carbon, and zeolite. To test this filter media, two 6‐h storm events were simulated by repeat irrigation of the golf green after PO 4 3− and pesticide application. Drainage flows ranged from 0.0034 to 0.6433 L s −1 throughout the course of the simulations. A significant decrease in the chlorothalonil load for the experimental run (with filter media) was observed compared with the control (without filter media) ( p < 0.05). In general, percent reductions in chlorothalonil were very high (>80%) near peak flows. In contrast, filter media was not effective in removing PO 4 3− , mefenoxam, or propiconazole ( p > 0.05). Instead, it appears that the filter blend added PO 4 3− to the effluent above flow rates of 0.037 L s −1 . Overall, flow rate, the amount of filter media used, and contaminant properties may have influenced the filter media's ability to remove contaminants. More research is needed to determine the optimal blend and configuration for the filter media to remove significant amounts of all contaminants investigated.