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Soil Properties and Trace Elements Contents Following 40 Years of Phosphate Fertilization
Author(s) -
Cakmak Dragan,
Saljnikov Elmira,
Mrvic Vesna,
Jakovljevic Miodrag,
Marjanovic Zaklina,
Sikiric Biljana,
Maksimovic Srboljub
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2009.0216
Subject(s) - chemistry , phosphate , environmental chemistry , cation exchange capacity , phosphorus , fertilizer , soil water , human fertilization , phosphorite , phosphate fertilizer , soil ph , zoology , agronomy , soil science , geology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , biology
Long‐term application of P fertilizers may eventually result in excess and/or toxic accumulations of trace elements and microelements in soil. The effect of monoammonium‐phosphate (MAP) on basic soil properties (pH, CEC, texture), the total content of C, N, and F, hot acid‐extractable Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Co, As, Hg, and F, and the content of extractable macro‐ and trace elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, F) were studied on a Stagnosol soil. Phosphate fertilizer had been applied (26, 39, and 52 kg P ha −1 ) over a 40‐yr period. Phosphorus fertilization significantly decreased pH and increased clay content of the soil. Increases were detected in available P, exchangeable Al, Ca, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and clay content. The content of hot acid‐extractable Pb increased, whereas the content of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid–extractable Pb decreased in accordance with applied rates of MAP. The status of some hot acid‐extractable trace elements (Cu, Zn, Ni, and Co) did not change after 40 yr of MAP application, whereas Hg and Cd increased. However, despite the statistically significant increases in the amounts of some potentially toxic elements, they did not accumulate to concentrations considered toxic as overall concentrations are far below the maximum allowed concentrations for natural unpolluted soils.