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Evaluation of Biological Air Filters for Livestock Ventilation Air by Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry
Author(s) -
Feilberg Anders,
Adamsen Anders P. S.,
Lindholst Sabine,
Lyngbye Merete,
Schäfer Annette
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2009.0184
Subject(s) - methanethiol , chemistry , odor , dimethyl trisulfide , skatole , mass spectrometry , dimethyl disulfide , sulfur , trimethylamine , dimethyl sulfide , chromatography , environmental chemistry , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , thermal desorption , gas chromatography , desorption , organic chemistry , indole test , adsorption
Biological air filters have been proposed as a cost‐effective technology for reducing odor emissions from intensive swine production facilities. In this work we present results from the application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) for continuously monitoring the removal of odorous compounds in biological air filters. The sensitivity and selectivity were tested on synthetic samples of selected odorous compounds, and linearity and detection limits in the lower ppb range were demonstrated for all compounds tested (methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, carboxylic acids, 4‐methylphenol, aldehydes, indole, and skatole) except trimethylamine. The method was applied in situ at two full‐scale filters installed at swine houses. The results have been compared with analyses by thermal desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TD‐GC/MS), and odor was measured by olfactometry. By comparison with TD‐GC/MS, observed MIMS signals were assigned to 4‐methylphenol, 4‐ethylphenol, indole, skatole, the sum of volatile reduced organic sulfur compounds (ROS), and three subgroups of carboxylic acids. The removal rates were observed to be related to air–water partitioning with removal efficiencies in the range of 0 to 50% for low‐soluble organic sulfur compounds and high removal efficiencies (typically 80–100%) for more soluble phenols and carboxylic acids. Based on the results and published odor threshold values, it is estimated that the low removal efficiency of ROS is the main limitation for achieving a higher odor reduction.