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Phosphorus and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in a Drained Calcareous Wetland Soil in Minnesota
Author(s) -
Berryman Erin M.,
Venterea Rodney T.,
Baker John M.,
Bloom Paul R.,
Elf Brandy
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2008.0409
Subject(s) - wetland , calcareous , environmental science , environmental chemistry , greenhouse gas , water quality , phosphorus , hydrology (agriculture) , nitrous oxide , methane , chemistry , agronomy , ecology , botany , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , engineering , biology
Restoration of wetland hydrology can produce ecological benefits but may have unintended consequences. We examined effects of altered water level on release of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and greenhouse gases (GHG) in soil cores from a marsh being evaluated for restoration. We also measured field concentrations of DRP and other constituents in wetland porewater. Intact cores from a sampling location with higher Fe and lower calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) contents released more DRP than another location, and displayed higher DRP under completely saturated compared to partly drained conditions. Porewater samples collected from the high‐Fe location also contained higher DRP levels. Chemical data suggest that redox‐driven reactions largely controlled DRP levels at the high‐Fe site, while CaCO 3 adsorption was more important at the low‐Fe site. Over the long term, water table elevation may attenuate P draining from the wetland due to decreased mineralization. However, such measures may increase P release in the short term. Raising the water level in soil cores resulted in decreased nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, increased methane (CH 4 ) emissions, and an overall increase in total global warming potential (GWP). The proportion of total GWP contributed by N 2 O decreased from 14% to ≤ 1% as water level was raised, while the proportion contributed by CH 4 increased from 10 to 20% to 60 to 80%. Restoration of hydrology in the Rice Lake wetland has the potential to affect both local water quality and global air quality. These combined effects complicate the cost‐to‐benefit analysis of such wetland restoration efforts.