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Effect of N‐( n ‐butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide and 3,4 Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate on Gaseous Emissions from Grasslands under Different Soil Water Contents
Author(s) -
Menéndez S.,
Merino P.,
Pinto M.,
GonzálezMurua C.,
Estavillo J. M.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2008.0034
Subject(s) - phosphate , chemistry , environmental chemistry , environmental science , agronomy , hydrology (agriculture) , geology , organic chemistry , geotechnical engineering , biology
The intensification of grassland systems is leading to serious environmental risks due to the large input of nitrogen (N) in fertilizers and the subsequent gaseous losses. Addition of nitrification inhibitors (NI) or urease activity inhibitors to fertilizers could reduce these losses to the atmosphere. In the present study, the effects of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4‐dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and the urease activity inhibitor N ‐( n ‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) were evaluated on NH 3 , N 2 O, NO, and CO 2 emissions. Ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN), urea and cattle slurry were applied at a rate of 70 kg N ha −1 to a mixed clover‐ryegrass sward in the Basque Country (northern Spain) under different soil water contents. NH 3 and NO emissions were determined by photoacoustic and chemiluminescence respectively using an open chamber technique while N 2 O and CO 2 emissions were measured by photoacoustic using a closed chamber technique. When the water filled pore space (WFPS) was under 60%, the application of NBPT reduced NO emissions a 34% on urea and an 18% on slurry, and the application of DMPP reduced them a 2% on ASN and a 4% on slurry. No significant effect was observed on NH 3 losses. When WFPS was over 60%, no effect could be observed on NO and N 2 O emissions after the application of both inhibitors, but NH 3 losses were reduced a 31% by NBPT when applied with the slurry. Carbon dioxide emissions were unaffected by the use of DMPP or NBPT at any soil water content. Neither grassland yield nor herbage N concentration were influenced by the application of both inhibitors.