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Characterization of Phosphorus Species in Biosolids and Manures Using XANES Spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Shober Amy L.,
Hesterberg Dean L.,
Sims J. Thomas,
Gardner Sheila
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2006.0100
Subject(s) - ferrihydrite , biosolids , xanes , chemistry , hydroxylapatite , lime , environmental chemistry , phytic acid , phosphorus , fractionation , nuclear chemistry , adsorption , spectroscopy , geology , environmental engineering , chromatography , biochemistry , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , enzyme , paleontology , engineering
Identification of the chemical P species in biosolids or manures will improve our understanding of the long‐term potential for P loss when these materials are land applied. The objectives of this study were to determine the P species in dairy manures, poultry litters, and biosolids using X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and to determine if chemical fractionation techniques can provide useful information when interpreted based on the results of more definitive P speciation studies. Our XANES fitting results indicated that the predominant forms of P in organic P sources included hydroxylapatite, PO 4 sorbed to Al hydroxides, and phytic acid in lime‐stabilized biosolids and manures; hydroxylapatite, PO 4 sorbed on ferrihydrite, and phytic acid in lime‐ and Fe‐treated biosolids; and PO 4 sorbed on ferrihydrite, hydroxylapatite, β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), and often PO 4 sorbed to Al hydroxides in Fe‐treated and digested biosolids. Strong relationships existed between the proportions of XANES PO 4 sorbed to Al hydroxides and NH 4 Cl‐ + NH 4 F‐extractable P, XANES PO 4 sorbed to ferrihydrite + phytic acid and NaOH‐extractable P, and XANES hydroxylapatite + β‐TCP and dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate (DCB)‐ + H 2 SO 4 ‐extractable P ( r 2 = 0.67 [ P = 0.01], 0.78 [ P = 0.01], and 0.89 [ P = 0.001], respectively). Our XANES fitting results can be used to make predictions about long‐term solubility of P when biosolids and manures are land applied. Fractionation techniques indicate that there are differences in the forms of P in these materials but should be interpreted based on P speciation data obtained using more advanced analytical tools.