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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Organic Phosphorus in Swine Manure and Soil
Author(s) -
He Zhongqi,
Griffin Timothy S.,
Honeycutt C. Wayne
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2004.3670
Subject(s) - chemistry , phytase , hydrolysis , loam , manure , phosphorus , acid phosphatase , bioavailability , sodium acetate , potassium , agronomy , soil water , biochemistry , chromatography , environmental chemistry , enzyme , organic chemistry , bioinformatics , environmental science , biology , soil science
Organic phosphorus (P o ) exists in many chemical forms that differ in their susceptibility to hydrolysis and, therefore, bioavailability to plants and microorganisms. Identification and quantification of these forms may significantly contribute to effective agricultural P management. Phosphatases catalyze reactions that release orthophosphate (P i ) from P o compounds. Alkaline phosphatase in tris‐HCl buffer (pH 9.0), wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) phytase in potassium acetate buffer (pH 5.0), and nuclease P1 in potassium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) can be used to classify and quantify P o in animal manure. Background error associated with different pH and buffer systems is observed. In this study, we improved the enzymatic hydrolysis approach and tested its applicability for investigating P o in soils, recognizing that soil and manure differ in numerous physicochemical properties. We applied (i) acid phosphatase from potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.), (ii) acid phosphatases from both potato and wheat germ, and (iii) both enzymes plus nuclease P1 to identify and quantify simple labile monoester P, phytate ( myo ‐inositol hexa kis phosphate)‐like P, and DNA‐like P, respectively, in a single pH/buffer system (100 m M sodium acetate, pH 5.0). This hydrolysis procedure released P o in sequentially extracted H 2 O, NaHCO 3 , and NaOH fractions of swine ( Sus scrofa ) manure, and of three sandy loam soils. Further refinement of the approach may provide a universal tool for evaluating hydrolyzable P o from a wide range of sources.