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Odor and Gas Release from Anaerobic Treatment Lagoons for Swine Manure
Author(s) -
Lim TengTeeh,
Heber Albert J.,
Ni JiQin,
Sutton Alan L.,
Shao Ping
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2003.4060
Subject(s) - odor , hydrogen sulfide , zoology , chemistry , carbon dioxide , environmental chemistry , manure , ammonia , sulfur , ecology , biology , organic chemistry
Odor and gas release from anaerobic lagoons for treating swine waste affect air quality in neighboring communities but rates of release are not well documented. A buoyant convective flux chamber (BCFC) was used to determine the effect of lagoon loading rate on measured odor and gas releases from two primary lagoons at a simulated wind speed of 1.0 m s −1 Concentrations of ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and nitric oxide (NO) in 50‐L air samples were measured. A panel of human subjects, whose sensitivity was verified with a certified reference odorant, evaluated odor concentration, intensity, and hedonic tone. Geometric mean odor concentrations of BCFC inlet and outlet samples and of downwind berm samples were 168 ± 44 (mean ± 95% confidence interval), 262 ± 60, and 114 ± 38 OU E m −3 (OU E , European odor unit, equivalent to 123 μg n ‐butanol), respectively. The overall geometric mean odor release was 2.3 ± 1.5 OU E s −1 m −2 (1.5 ± 0.9 OU s −1 m −2 ). The live mass specific geometric mean odor release was 13.5 OU E s −1 AU −1 (animal unit = 500 kg live body mass). Overall mean NH 3 , H 2 S, CO 2 and SO 2 releases were 101 ± 24, 5.7 ± 2.0, 852 ± 307, and 0.5 ± 0.4 μg s −1 m −2 , respectively. Nitric oxide was not detected. Odor concentrations were directly proportional to H 2 S and CO 2 concentrations and odor intensity, and inversely proportional to hedonic tone and SO 2 concentration ( P < 0.05). Releases of NH 3 , H 2 S, and CO 2 were directly proportional ( P < 0.05) to volatile solids loading rate (VSLR).