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Organic Manure and Urea Effect on Metolachlor Transport through Packed Soil Columns
Author(s) -
Singh Neera
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2003.1743
Subject(s) - metolachlor , chemistry , urea , leaching (pedology) , sorption , manure , cow dung , soil water , amendment , environmental chemistry , chicken manure , agronomy , adsorption , fertilizer , pesticide , environmental science , soil science , organic chemistry , atrazine , biology , political science , law
Application of organic manure (OM) amendments and nitrogen fertilizers can affect the sorption and movement of pesticides in soil. This study summarizes the sorption and leaching of metolachlor [2‐chloro‐ N ‐(2‐ethyl‐6‐methylphenyl)‐ N ‐(2‐methoxy‐1‐methylphenyl)acetamide] in soils after cow ( Bos taurus ) manure (2.5 and 5.0%) and urea (60 and 120 kg N ha −1 ) amendments in batch and column experiments. Both cow manure and urea applications increased metolachlor sorption in soils. The values of the Freundlich adsorption parameter K f (1/ n ) for treatments T0, T1 (OM), and T2 (OM) were 2.31, 3.32, and 3.96 in Soil 1; 2.02, 2.77, and 3.32 in Soil 2; and 1.10, 1.46, and 2.02 in Soil 3, respectively. Similarly, K f (1/ n ) values for treatment T1 (urea) and T2 (urea) were 2.37 and 2.84 in Soil 1; 2.16 and 2.83 in Soil 2; and 1.50 and 1.70 in Soil 3, respectively. Column leaching studies using Soil 1 indicated that OM application drastically reduced the metolachlor leaching losses from 50% (natural soil) to <1.0% (5.0% OM amendment). Likewise, urea application also decreased metolachlor mobility and leaching losses in columns treated with 60 and 120 kg N ha −1 urea were 33 and 20%, respectively. The reduction in the metolachlor leaching losses was achieved through the increase in the sorption capability of the OM‐ and urea‐amended soil. Therefore, coapplication of metolachlor with cow manure or urea fertilizers will not enhance metolachlor mobility and reduces metolachlor leaching losses in low‐organic‐matter soil.