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Effect of Nonylphenol Surfactants on Fungi following the Application of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Soils
Author(s) -
Kollmann Albert,
Brault Agathe,
Touton Isabelle,
Dubroca Jacqueline,
Chaplain Véronique,
Mougin Christian
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2003.1269
Subject(s) - nonylphenol , sewage sludge , environmental chemistry , bioavailability , biomass (ecology) , fusarium oxysporum , soil water , agronomy , chemistry , soil contamination , environmental remediation , sewage treatment , environmental science , environmental engineering , contamination , biology , botany , ecology , soil science , bioinformatics
The effect of nonylphenol on fungi following the application of contaminated sewage sludge on agricultural soil was studied in laboratory experiments. Nonylphenol bioavailability and adsorption were determined in the soil alone and soil–sludge mixtures. Mixing the soil with sludge made it possible to measure the nonylphenol concentration in the soil solution, which comprised between 6.6 × 10 −6 and 3.8 × 10 −7 M , according to the sludge. We then examined the dose–response relationship between nonylphenol concentration in the culture medium and both biomass production and germination rate of the spores from several strains of filamentous fungi. When applied in this range of concentration, nonylphenol was without noticeable short‐term effect on these endpoints. Long‐term exposure of fungi to nonylphenol was also assessed. The most intensive effect was a strong stimulation of spore production and germination in Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendahl. Biomass production by the Fusarium strains also increased. Finally, nonylphenol was shown to induce laccase production in Trametes versicolor We conclude that the potential of nonylphenol to adversely affect several soil fungi remains low.