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Phosphogypsum Amendment Effect on Radionuclide Content in Drainage Water and Marsh Soils from Southwestern Spain
Author(s) -
ElMrabet Rachid,
Abril JoséMaría,
Periáñez Raúl,
Manjón Guillermo,
GarcíaTenorio Rafael,
Delgado Antonio,
Andreu Luis
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2003.1262
Subject(s) - phosphogypsum , radionuclide , amendment , soil water , drainage , fertilizer , environmental chemistry , chemistry , manure , environmental science , agronomy , soil science , ecology , biology , raw material , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , political science , law
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a residue of the phosphate fertilizer industry that has relatively high concentrations of 226 Ra and other radionuclides. Thus, it is interesting to study the effect of PG applied as a Ca amendment on the levels and behavior of radionuclides in agricultural soils. A study involving treatments with 13 and 26 Mg ha −1 of PG and 30 Mg ha −1 of manure was performed, measuring 226 Ra and U isotopes in drainage water, soil, and plant samples. The PG used in the treatment had 510 ± 40 Bq kg −1 of 226 Ra. The 226 Ra concentrations in drainage waters from PG‐amended plots were similar (between 2.6 and 7.2 mBq L −1 ) to that reported for noncontaminated waters. Although no significant effect due to PG was observed, the U concentrations in drainage waters (200 mBq L −1 for 238 U) were one order of magnitude higher than those described in noncontaminated waters. This high content in U can be ascribed to desorption processes mainly related to the natural adsorbed pool in soil (25 Bq kg −1 of 238 U). This is supported by the 234 U to 238 U isotopic ratio of 1.16 in drainage waters versus secular equilibrium in PG and P fertilizers. The progressive enrichment in 226 Ra concentration in soils due to PG treatment cannot be concluded from our present data. This PG treatment does not determine any significant difference in 226 Ra concentration in drainage waters or in plant material [cotton ( Gossipium hirsutum L.) leaves]. No significant levels of radionuclides except 40 K were found in the vegetal tissues.