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Phosphorus Runoff from Two Water Sources on a Calcareous Soil
Author(s) -
Aase J.K.,
Bjorneberg D.L.,
Westermann D.T.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq2001.3041315x
Subject(s) - surface runoff , loam , environmental science , phosphorus , irrigation , soil water , hydrology (agriculture) , surface water , chemistry , agronomy , environmental chemistry , soil science , environmental engineering , geology , ecology , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , biology
Phosphorus (P) in irrigation runoff may enrich offsite water bodies and streams and be influenced by irrigation water quality and antecedent soil surface conditions. Runoff, soil loss, and P fractions in runoff using reverse osmosis (RO) water or mixed RO and well water (RO/Tap) were studied in a laboratory sprinkler study to evaluate water source effects on P transport. A top‐ or subsoil Portneuf silt loam (coarse‐silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid), either amended or not amended with manure and/or with cheese whey, with Olsen P from 20 to 141 mg kg −1 and lime from 108 to 243 g kg −1 , was placed in 1.5 × 1.2 × 0.2‐m‐deep containers with 2.4% slope and irrigated three times from a 3‐m height for 15 min, applying 20 mm of water. The first irrigation was on a dry loose surface, the second on a wet surface, and the third on a dry crusted surface. Surface (ca. 2 cm) soil samples, prior to the first irrigation, were analyzed for Olsen P, water‐soluble P (P ws ), and iron‐oxide impregnated paper–extractable P (FeO‐P) analyses. Following each irrigation we determined runoff, sediment, dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in a 0.45‐μm filtered sample, and FeO‐P and total P in unfiltered samples. Soil surface conditions had no effect on P runoff relationships. Water source had no significant effect on the relationship between DRP or FeO‐P runoff and soil test P, except for DRP in RO runoff versus water‐soluble soil P ( r 2 = 0.90). Total P in RO runoff versus soil P were not related; but weakly correlated for RO/Tap ( r 2 < 0.50). Water source and soil surface conditions had little or no effect on P runoff from this calcareous soil.