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Plant and Soil Relationships of Uranium and Thorium Decay Series Radionuclides—A Review
Author(s) -
Mortvedt J. J.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300040004x
Subject(s) - radionuclide , uranium , polonium , biogeochemical cycle , thorium , radium , environmental chemistry , environmental science , chemistry , nutrient , radiochemistry , nuclear physics , physics , organic chemistry
The behavior of radionuclides of the uranium (U) and thorium (Th) decay series in terrestrial systems is of interest because of environmental effects of mining and disposal activities related to nuclear power plant fuels. The soft‐plant relationships of U, Th, and polonium (Po), and some other daughter radionuclides, notably radium ( 226 Ra), are not well understood. Most studies have been concerned with relative uptake of these radionuclides by various plant species. Plant concentrations have been related to total contents of these radionuclides in the soil as a plant/soil concentration ratio (CR), even though the fraction of these radionuclides, which may be available to plants, is not well known. These CR values have been used to predict transport of radionuclides and other elements of interest through the food chain as well as for other purposes, including biogeochemical exploration for U. Little information is available on uptake and transport mechanisms of radionuclides in plants. However, the mechanisms relating to Ca uptake and translocation in plants may be similar to those of some radionuclides, especially 226 Ra. Soil chemical reactions of these radionuclides also have not been studied as well as those of plant nutrients, although knowledge of the effects of soil pH, soil texture, and organic matter content on uptake, as well as mobility in soil of these radionuclides, has been gained in recent years.