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Toxaphene, Methyl Parathion, and Fenvalerate Disappearance from Cotton Foliage in the Mid‐South
Author(s) -
Willis G. H.,
Mc Dowell L. L.,
Southwick L. M.,
Smith S.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1985.00472425001400030027x
Subject(s) - toxaphene , fenvalerate , parathion methyl , malvaceae , pesticide , parathion , toxicology , pyrethroid , chemistry , relative humidity , paraquat , gossypium , fiber crop , persistence (discontinuity) , agronomy , biology , biochemistry , geotechnical engineering , engineering , physics , thermodynamics
Insecticide foliar‐persistence data are needed for the development and refinement of predictive models concerning pesticide loss from agricultural ecosystems. Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene), methyl parathion [ O,O ‐dimethyl O ‐( p ‐nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate], and fenvalerate [( RS )‐ α ‐cyano‐3‐phenoxybenzyl ( RS )‐2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐methylbutyrate] were field‐applied by ground equipment to mature cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) in northern Mississippi at rates of 2.30, 1.15, and 0.11 kg ha −1 , respectively. Pesticide loads on the plants were measured periodically for 146 h following application. Air temperature, windspeed, and relative humidity were also measured during the study. About 92, 76, and 66% of the applied toxaphene, methyl parathion, and fenvalerate, respectively, were intercepted by the cotton plants. The calculated 50% disappearance times for toxaphene, methyl parathion, and fenvalerate were 17.6, 2.4, and 79.4 h, respectively.