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Butanol Degradation and Volatilization in Soils Amended with Spent Acid or Sulfuric Acid
Author(s) -
Fairbanks B. C.,
Schmidt N. E.,
O'Connor G. A.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1985.00472425001400010016x
Subject(s) - loam , volatilisation , soil water , sulfuric acid , chemistry , environmental chemistry , degradation (telecommunications) , reagent , calcareous , soil science , environmental science , inorganic chemistry , botany , organic chemistry , telecommunications , computer science , biology
Abstract Butanol persistence may be an important consideration in determining the phytotoxic effects of alkylation spent acid added to soils. The degradation and volatilization of n(1‐ 14 C)butanol were thus monitored in two calcareous soils from New Mexico amended or unamended with spent or reagent grade sulfuric acids. Degradation of butanol to CO 2 was rapid and was the primary mechanism of loss from these soils. After 20 d, 14 CO 2 evolution averaged 58 and 51% of the added 14 C for Glendale clay (Typic Torrifluvents) and Lea sandy loam (Petrocalcic Paleustolls), respectively; a majority of this loss occurred within 2 d. Acid type (spent or reagent grade) did not affect degradation, but 14 CO 2 production increased with acid rate. Volatilization was essentially complete within 1 d and averaged 8 and 16% of the added 14 C for the Glendale clay and Lea sandy loam soils, respectively. Acid rate, but not acid type, affected volatilization loss. The summation of degradation and volatilization losses was similar for both soils and averaged 67% after 20 d, a majority of which was lost within 2 d.