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Chemical Water Quality of Runoff From Grazing Land in Nebraska: I. Influence of Grazing Livestock
Author(s) -
Schepers J. S.,
Francis D. D.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1982.00472425001100030005x
Subject(s) - pasture , grazing , livestock , surface runoff , water quality , environmental science , chemical oxygen demand , total suspended solids , agronomy , zoology , environmental chemistry , chemistry , biology , ecology , environmental engineering , wastewater
The chemical quality of runoff water from a 32.5‐ha cow‐calf pasture area at the Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center near Clay Center, Nebr., was determined over a 3‐year period. Runoff events from the grazed pasture were separated into those occurring while livestock were grazing and those occurring when no livestock were present. Grazing livestock increased by 52% the total solids concentration, but only increased total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand concentrations by 11 and 7%, respectively, and decreased by 19% the total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration. Concentrations of NH 4 ‐N, NO 3 ‐N, total P, soluble P, and Cl − were 6, 45, 37, 48, and 78% greater, respectively, when livestock were grazing. Runoff from an ungrazed control area within the pasture contained chemical concentrations that ranged from 1.94 to 10.8 times greater than those from an adjacent pasture under ungrazed conditions. We attributed these elevated concentrations to wildlife activity and decomposition of plant material.