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Runoff Losses of Surface‐Applied Herbicides as Affected by Wheel Tracks and Incorporation
Author(s) -
Baker J. L.,
Laflen J. M.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1979.00472425000800040032x
Subject(s) - alachlor , surface runoff , atrazine , metolachlor , acetanilide , environmental science , hydrology (agriculture) , sediment , pesticide , surface water , environmental chemistry , agronomy , chemistry , environmental engineering , geology , biology , ecology , geotechnical engineering , paleontology , organic chemistry
Abstract The effects of incorporation and wheel‐track compaction on runoff losses of herbicides were determined by measuring losses of propachlor (2‐chloro‐ N ‐isopropylacetanilide), atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐s‐triazine], and alachlor [2‐chloro‐2′,6′‐diethyl‐ N ‐(methoxymethyl) acetanilide] in water and sediment from small plots during 122 mm of simulated rainfall. Losses of propachlor, atrazine, and alachlor that were surface‐applied to plots without wheel tracks were 3.0, 4.7, and 8.0%, respectively. Corresponding losses from plots where the herbicides were incorporated by disking were only 0.8, 1.6, and 1.7%. Hydrologic differences (more and sooner runoff) caused by wheel tracks on plots where herbicides were surface‐applied increased the corresponding losses to 12.7, 18.3, and 22.1%. Although herbicide concentrations were greater in sediment than in water for all treatments, from 82 to 89% of the losses were in solution.