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The Movement of Sewage Effluent through Soil Columns: The Major Ions (Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, and SO 4 )
Author(s) -
Jong E.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1978.00472425000700010027x
Subject(s) - effluent , loam , chemistry , sewage , magnesium , leachate , sulfate , chloride , sodium , irrigation , calcium , environmental chemistry , environmental engineering , soil water , environmental science , soil science , agronomy , organic chemistry , biology
Abstract Sewage effluent was leached through columns of the A, B, and C horizons of a loamy sand, and the A horizon of a clay. Neither temperature (7, 13, or 18°C) nor method of application (flood or trickle irrigation) affected the passage of sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sulfate ions. The breakthrough curves differed considerably from theoretical curves. The anions appeared much earlier in the leachate of the columns than predicted due to incomplete mixing between the sewage effluent and the soil solution. The breakthrough curves of the cations were affected by the incomplete mixing, the initial levels of the exchangeable and soluble cations, and the increase in the sum of exchangeable (Na + K + Ca + Mg).