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Effects of Soil, Cover Crop, and Nutrient Source on Movement of Soil, Water, and Nitrogen under Simulated Rain‐Slope Conditions
Author(s) -
Hoyt G. D.,
McLean E. O.,
Reddy G. Y.,
Logan T. J.
Publication year - 1977
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1977.00472425000600030011x
Subject(s) - straw , agronomy , manure , surface runoff , environmental science , soil water , nitrogen , leachate , nutrient , organic matter , chemistry , soil science , environmental chemistry , ecology , organic chemistry , biology
Nitrogen, P, and K as manure, chemical fertilizers + straw, or chemical fertilizers alone were added to microplots of soils, which were then either cropped to wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) or left bare, and finally subjected to simulated rainfall. The N, P, and K were each applied at 224 kg/ha in the forms of: (i) N‐ and P‐enriched cow manure (7.35 metric tons/ha, dry weight); (ii) urea, triplesuperphosphate (TSP), and KCI + straw at the same weight of dry matter as the manure; and (iii) fertilizers alone. A 5‐day rainfall sequence was imposed with varying intensities, durations, and soil slopes. The movement of N generally increased as the quantities of solids, runoff, and leachate increased. Where discrepancies occurred, they could usually be explained by differences in structure, crusting of the soils, or clogging of their pores by manure, or by effects of straw on soil permeability to water or on increased microbial activity. In general, almost all the mineral N moving in the leachate, and about half of that moving in runoff, was in NO 3 − form