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Composition and Reactions of Liquid Manure (Gülle), with Particular Reference to Phosphate: II. Solid Phase Components
Author(s) -
Fordham A. W.,
Schwertmann U.
Publication year - 1977
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1977.00472425000600020007x
Subject(s) - struvite , octacalcium phosphate , phosphate , chemistry , solubility , titration , ammonium phosphate , nuclear chemistry , chemical composition , ammonium , composition (language) , phase (matter) , mineralogy , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , fertilizer , linguistics , philosophy
Several components were detected in the solid phase of gülle samples. Struvite (NH 4 MgPO 4 ·6H 2 O) was isolated from one sample and identified by X‐ray diffraction. Its presence was confirmed in this and other samples by solubility studies, which also showed the existence of trimagnesium phosphate (Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O), octacalcium phosphate (Ca 4 H(PO 4 ) 3 ·3H 2 O), dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O), and possibly NH 4 CaPO 4 ·H 2 O. More evidence for struvite, trimagnesium phosphate, and octacalcium phosphate, as well as estimates of their content in samples, was obtained from measurements of solution composition during acid titration of gülle suspensions. Organic phosphate contents of the solid phase could be calculated from these measurements, which also showed the existence of appreciable quantities of solid ammonium and calcium organic salts. Gülle systems were found to be in a sensitively balanced dynamic state which would respond rapidly to relatively minor changes of chemical, physical, and biological conditions.