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Toxicity of Cadmium in the Freshwater Snail, Physa gyrina Say
Author(s) -
Wier C. F.,
Walter W. M.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1976.00472425000500040004x
Subject(s) - toxicant , snail , cadmium , toxicology , freshwater snail , biology , toxicity , bioassay , zoology , cadmium exposure , environmental chemistry , ecology , chemistry , organic chemistry
Using both mature and immature snails and cadmium as the toxicant, 50% tolerance limits (TL 50 ) for various exposure durations were determined graphically. The immature snails 96‐hour TL 50 of 0.43 ppm indicates they are three times as sensitive to Cd as mature snails whose 96‐hour TL 50 was 1.37 ppm. Survivors of bioassays and their offspring were observed. The rate of Cd uptake by snails exposed to 1.30 ppm Cd solution over a 24‐hour period was 0.550 ppm/hour. Following the 24‐hour exposure, the rate of elimination during the next 24 hours was 0.229 ppm/hour. The rate of uptake was nearly twice the rate of elimination, allowing accumulation of Cd in the snail. The higher the Cd concentration to which snails were exposed, the fewer the survivors, the lower their reproductive potential, and the shorter the period the young survived.