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Effect of Incubation and Contact with Soil on Microbial and Nitrogen Changes in Poultry Manure
Author(s) -
Giddens Joel,
Rao A. M.
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1975.00472425000400020031x
Subject(s) - manure , incubation , poultry litter , litter , agronomy , chemistry , population , zoology , chicken manure , environmental science , biology , nutrient , demography , organic chemistry , sociology , biochemistry
Microbial and chemical changes in poultry manure as affected by incubation and contact with soil were studied, as these changes may influence potential pollution hazards. Manure and litter mixed with soil contained greater numbers of bacteria and fungi than manure alone. Fungi decreased rapidly between 7 and 14 days incubation, increasing thereafter. Fungal population was inversely related to soil pH which was directly related to NH 3 . Total coliform bacteria decreased more rapidly when manure was mixed with soil than when not mixed. Few coliforms survived after 28 days. Higher total coliform survival occurred in the litter than in pure manure indicating a protective effect of wood shavings. Ammonia decreased survival of coliforms. Incorporation of manure into the soil greatly increased the amount of N oxidized to NO 3 . Split applications of manure reduced soil NO 3 . Air drying of manure resulted in greater N loss than rapid drying with heat.