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Rate of Chloride and Water Movement in Southern California Soils
Author(s) -
Tullock R. J.,
Coleman N. T.,
Pratt P. F.
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
journal of environmental quality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1537-2537
pISSN - 0047-2425
DOI - 10.2134/jeq1975.00472425000400010030x
Subject(s) - soil water , chloride , chemistry , volume (thermodynamics) , ion exchange , moisture , volumetric flow rate , water content , water flow , groundwater , cation exchange capacity , surface water , environmental chemistry , hydrology (agriculture) , ion , soil science , environmental science , environmental engineering , geology , geotechnical engineering , thermodynamics , physics , organic chemistry
Column experiments in the laboratory showed an increase of 2 to 25% in the relative rate of chloride movement in soils to water when the movement of water was calculated on a total pore‐volume basis. The increase was explained as a result of anion exclusion next to the surfaces of negatively charged soil colloids. The relative rate of flow was decreased when the moisture retained by the air dry soils was deleted from the total pore solution. For soils containing sufficient clay to result in a cation exchange capacity greater than 10 meq/100 g, an equation was developed relating the fraction of the pore solution in equilibrium with anions to the cation exchange capacity. Calculated transit times for anion movement from the soil surface to ground waters should include a correction for the volume of exclusion.