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Grain Yield, Water Productivity, and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Drip Irrigated Rice under Varying Nitrogen Rates
Author(s) -
Rajwade Yogesh Anand,
Swain Dillip Kumar,
Tiwari Kamlesh Narayan,
Singh Bhadoria Pratap Bhanu
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj2017.09.0538
Subject(s) - drip irrigation , agronomy , nitrogen , oryza sativa , irrigation , yield (engineering) , field experiment , environmental science , fertilizer , mathematics , chemistry , biology , materials science , organic chemistry , metallurgy , biochemistry , gene
Core Ideas Effect of lateral spacing and varying N levels on rice was studied under subsurface drip irrigation. Crop growth and yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of drip irrigated rice were assessed. Nitrogen (NH 4 –N and NO 3 –N) dynamics was studied before and after fertilizer application.Water and nitrogen (N) saving rice ( Oryza sativa L.) technology is required to meet the future food demand with decreasing resource availability. This emphasizes the importance of micro irrigation systems in field crops. Given the context, the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of subsurface drip irrigation on rice grain yield, water and N use efficiency and soil N dynamics. A field experiment was conducted for rice cultivation (cultivar Naveen) under subsurface drip irrigation (DIR) with two lateral spacings (S 40 and S 60 ) and four N fertilizer levels (0, 50, 75, and 100% of recommended dose) and puddle‐transplanted rice (PTR) at N 100 during dry season of 2012 to 2013 and 2013 to 2014. The results of the study revealed significant increase in grain yield with increase in N fertilizer level from N 0 to N 50 or N 75 in DIR. At N 75 , the DIR resulted in 73% recovery of applied N and 32% saving of water while attaining similar grain yield (5043 kg ha −1 in S 40 N 75 and 4851 kg ha −1 in S 60 N 75 ) as of PTR‐N 100 . The N dynamics revealed higher NH 4 + −N and NO 3 − –N contents in 0‐ to 18‐cm layer in DIR compared with PTR. Both drip lateral spacings did not show any significant differences in grain yield, water and N use efficiency. Hence, the subsurface drip irrigation with 60 cm lateral spacing and 25 to 50% lower N application could increase the water and N use efficiency of rice with similar grain yield as of PTR.