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Row Spacing and Nitrogen Effects on Upright Pinto Bean Cultivars under Direct Harvest Conditions
Author(s) -
Eckert Fernando R.,
Kandel Herman J.,
Johnson Burton L.,
RojasCifuentes Gonzalo A.,
Deplazes Chad,
Vander Wal Albert J.,
Osorno Juan M.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj2010.0438
Subject(s) - cultivar , pinto bean , phaseolus , yield (engineering) , randomized block design , agronomy , mathematics , crop , dry bean , split plot , horticulture , biology , materials science , metallurgy
Increasing soil‐N in a dry bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop may increase seed yield. However, excessive N can inhibit nodule formation, delay maturity, and promote vegetative growth. In the same way, the effect of row spacing on yield and other traits appears to be different for variable levels of available N. With releases of new upright pinto bean cultivars, it is unknown how factors such as row spacing and soil‐N level may affect seed yield and seed losses under direct harvest operations. Experiments were conducted in North Dakota to evaluate the effect of row spacing and soil‐N level on agronomic traits of pinto bean cultivars under direct harvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a split‐plot arrangement, where whole plots were three row spacings (30, 46, and 76 cm), and subplots were a factorial with three pinto cultivars (Lariat, Stampede, and Maverick) and two soil‐N levels (56 and 112 kg N ha −1 ). Cultivar and row spacing were the most important factors determining seed yield and seed loss. Lariat produced the greatest seed yield (2045 kg ha −1 ) and had the lowest harvest loss (11.6%). The intermediate row spacing (46 cm) had the highest seed yield with no significant changes in the amount of seed loss when compared with the wide rows (76 cm). The N level did not influence seed yield or yield potential. Therefore, to maximize productivity with upright pinto cultivars, growers should plant at intermediate row spacing and reduce the amount of N applied.