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Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality Response to Green Manures and Nitrogen
Author(s) -
Bauer P. J.,
Camberato J. J.,
Roach S. H.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1993.000219620085000500012x
Subject(s) - secale , agronomy , loam , lint , green manure , sowing , vicia villosa , cover crop , sativum , fiber crop , biology , fertilizer , manure , malvaceae , mathematics , soil water , ecology
Abstract The quantity and availability of N from green manures will considerably affect the N management of a succeeding cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop. This study was conducted to determine the N supplying capacity of crimson clover ( Trifolium incarnatum L.), Austrian winter pea [ Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Poir.], and rye ( Secale cereale L.) to cotton and their influence on cotton yield and fiber properties. Green manure treatments (and a fallow check) with fertilizer N levels of 0, 56, 112, and 168 kg ha −1 were compared for 3 yr on a Norfolk loamy sand (fine‐loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Kandiudult). Soil moisture at planting was similar among the four green manuretr eatments. At the 0 N level, the legumes generally had higher soil NO 3 ‐N than rye or fallow. Cotton grown following clover and pea with 0 kg ha −1 added N had petiole NO 3 ‐N levels similar to those of rye and fallow with 56 kg N ha −1 . Fertilizer N had no influence on cotton yield in the pea winter cover treatment. A quadratic regression equation best described the lint yield response following clover. For both rye and fallow treatments, yield plateaued at 56 kg N ha −1 . Green manures had little influence on fiber properties. The results indicate that legumes supply adequate but not excessive N for modern cotton production and that incorporation of rye into the production system does not affect N fertilization requirements.