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Effect of Sulfur Fertilization on Three Annual Range Species I. Laughlin Soil Experiment 1
Author(s) -
Shock Clinton C.,
Jones Milton B.,
Williams William A.,
Center D. Michael
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1983.00021962007500030023x
Subject(s) - lysimeter , trifolium subterraneum , loam , bromus , agronomy , fertilizer , human fertilization , leaching (pedology) , sulfur , chemistry , biology , botany , horticulture , soil water , poaceae , ecology , organic chemistry , pasture
The fate of a single application of sodium sulfate and its effect on three range species grown alone and in pairs in free‐draining lysimeters containing Laughlin loam soil (fine‐loamy, mixed, mesic Ultic Haploxerolls) was monitored during two growing seasons. Plant growth responses to added S were small because the soil released considerable S during the course of the experiment, equivalent to more than half of the S application. However, the growth of subclover ( Trifolium subterraneum L.) and its mixtures with fllaree [ Erodium botrys (Cav.) Bertol.] and soft chess ( Bromus mollis L.) was increased by S fertilization (P = 0.06). The botanical composition shifted towards subclover with added S. On the lysimeters where S was applied, subclover and filaree obtained more of their S from the applied fertilizer (55 and 55%) than did soft chess (44%). Total plant recovery of fertilizer sulfur in the 1st year was greater in pure stands of subclover (20%) than for soft chess (11 %) and filaree (7%). Total sulfur uptake was greatest on S fertilized lysimeters of subclover or sublover plus filaree. Leachate losses of S in the 1st year were positively related to the amount of S applied and volume of leachate and negatively related to S uptake by the plants. In the 2nd year leachate losses of S were positively related to the calculated S status of the soil at the end of the 1st year and negatively to plant S uptake. A greater leachate volume was lost from lysimeters containing filaree than containing soft chess or subterranean clover, and mixtures were intermediate. Leachate volume was not related to dry matter production. Sulfur application did not affect N uptake by the nonlegumes, but subclover N 2 fixation was increased by 60% during the 1st year. The percentage of subclover N coming from N 2 fixation was enhanced by the presence of nonlegumes. Estimates of recovery of fertilizer S were significantly less by calculations based on 35 S and than on total S differences suggesting that the labile 35 S is diluted in the soil solution by the release of non‐labeled S from decomposition of organic matter.