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Fertilization, Nutrient Composition, and Yield Relationships in Irrigated Spring Wheat 1
Author(s) -
Gardner B. R.,
Jackson E. B.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800010020x
Subject(s) - cultivar , agronomy , nutrient , human fertilization , yield (engineering) , grain yield , field experiment , crop , fertilizer , test weight , composition (language) , poaceae , biology , ecology , linguistics , philosophy , materials science , metallurgy
Wheat acreage in Arizona has increased tenfold since the introduction of high yielding semidwarf spring wheats ( Triticum aestivum L.). Because of the higher yield potential of these wheat cultivars, many growers have applied more fertilizer without evidence that these semidwarf spring wheats require more nutrients. This study was initiated to evaluate the effect of N and P fertilization on the growth and yield of semidwarf spring wheat and to develop a workable tissue test to determine the nutritional status of the wheat plan. Tissue samples for chemical analysis were taken from uheat plants in three different field experiments. These experiments consisted of 1) six rates of N and three rates of P, 2) six rates of N and six wheat cultivars, and 3) six rates of N and three wheat cultivars. The NO 3 ‐N concentration in the lower 5 to 8 cm of the stem indicated the N status of the wheat plant. Minimum levels of NO 3 ‐N for different stages of growth were established for Southwestern Arizona conditions. In two experiments excessive N decreased yields slightly when compared to sufficient levels of N. The main effects of N on grain yield components were to increase the number of heads/unit area, increase the number of seeds/ head, and decrease the weight of individual seeds. The total N content in the grain increased with increased N applications. Determination of P in the lower portion of wheat stems was not found to be suitable for indicating the P status of the crop.