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Crop Recovery and Nitrification of Fall and Spring Applied Anhydrous Ammonia 1
Author(s) -
Chalk P. M.,
Keeney D. R.,
Walsh L. M.
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700010009x
Subject(s) - loam , anhydrous , agronomy , chemistry , nitrification , spring (device) , ammonia , yield (engineering) , nitrogen , environmental science , zoology , soil water , biology , soil science , mechanical engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , engineering , metallurgy
To evaluate the relative agronomic efficiency of and potential NO 3 , pollution by fall and spring applied anhydrous NH 3 , N uptake and yield response by corn, and detailed sampling of the NH 3 , bands were conducted. Nitrogen significantly increased grain yield and N uptake by corn ( Zea mays L.) on a Plano sil (0.216% N) and a Pella loam (0.447% N) in south central Wisconsin. There were no differences between fall and spring application of N. Crop recovery of applied N depended on soil type and rate of application, and at most amounted to 40% of the N applied. Depending on rate of application, from 68 to 86% of the fall‐applied NH 3 , was nitrified before mid‐May. Nitrite accumulated within both fall and spring applied bands, the highest concentrations being detected in early spring within fall applied bands. Persistence of NO 2 was more prolonged on a neutral than on a slightly acid soil. Accumulation of NO 2 must be considered undesirable because of possible phytotoxicity and losses through biological or chemical denitrification, and fall application appears to offer a great potential for these processes to occur.