Premium
Soybean Emergence Under Field Conditions 1
Author(s) -
Fehr W. R.,
Burris J. S.,
Gilman D. F.
Publication year - 1973
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1973.00021962006500050019x
Subject(s) - sowing , seedling , loam , hypocotyl , seeding , agronomy , cultivar , biology , semis , field experiment , horticulture , soil water , ecology
Soybean ( Glyclne max (L.) Merr.) cultivars differ hypocotyl elongation and percentage seedling emergence when grown in the laboratory at certain soil temperatures and planting depths. The study reported here was conducted to determine if differences among cultivars for percentage seedling emergence also are present under different soil temperature regimes and planting depths in the field. The study was conducted on a Nicollet silt loam at Ames, Iowa for 2 years. Percentage emergence was based on the number of seedlings that emerged per 100 viable seeds planted. Percentage emergence of cultivars with short hypocotyls at 25 C in the laboratory (‘Amsoy’ and ‘Beeson’) was compared to types with intermediate (‘Chippewa 64’ and ‘l.indarin’) and long hypocotyls (‘Hawkeye’ and ‘Wayne’). Three planting dates were used each year to obtain a range of soil temperatures. Planting depths of 5 and 10 cm and seeding rates of 5 and 10 viable seeds/30 cm of row were evaluated. Planting depth had a major influence on percentage emergence. Average emergence was 73% from 5 em and 44% from 10 em. Emergence as low as 13% was observed with the 10‐cm depth. Seeding rates of 5 and 10 viable seeds/30 cm of row resulted in the same percentage emergence for all planting dates and planting depths studied. Seeding rate altered the number of seedlings that emerged, but not the percentage of seedlings that emerged. Soil temperatures for date 1 were below 20 C and temperatures for dates 2 and 3 were generally between 20 and 30 C. There was no consistent difference in percentage emergence among planting dates for the 2 years. The data indicated that soil temperature did not consistently influence percentage emergence of the cultivars studied. Hawkeye had significantly better emergence from the 10‐cm depth than the other five cultivars. Percentage emergence of the five cultivars was not significantly different. Although differences in soil temperatures among planting dates did not appear to have a consistent influence on the emergence ability of the cultivars, the emergence of the short and intermediate hypocotyl cultivars was inferior to the long hypocotyl cultivar Hawkeye. The superior emergence of Hawkeye compared to Wayne suggests that differences for ability to emerge under high soil resistance may exist among long hypocotyl genotypes. A combination of laboratory evaluation at 25 C and field testing may be needed to identify genotypes with superior emergence potential in the field.