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Susceptibility of Markton and other Varieties of Oats to Covered Smut ( Ustilago Levis ) 1
Author(s) -
Smith D. C.,
Bressman E. N.
Publication year - 1931
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.2134/agronj1931.00021962002300060005x
Subject(s) - ustilago , smut , citation , agricultural experiment station , library science , biology , horticulture , mathematics , computer science , agriculture , ecology , genetics , gene
Markton oats, C. I. 2o53, has been reported as immune to covered smut (Ustilago levis) by Stanton, et al., 3 and others. The trials reported herein, however, indicate that lX~Iarkton is susceptible to certain collections of covered smut, and that Black Mesdag, C. I. 1765, is more resistant to these collections. The Markton seed used in these tests was originally obtained from Moro, Oregon, where the variety was developed. Since that gime it has been grown in the small grain nursery at Corvallis. In this paper the normal seeds are designated as unhulled and those with hulls removed as hulled. Carefully selected seed .typical of the variety was used in these trials. The plantings were made in the field at Corvallis, Oregon, in 1929 and 193o. All of the plants observed were typical of the variety. In fact Markton shows little variation and is practically a pure line, although some differing selections have been made. Ordinarily, the percentage of smut in oat fields in Oregon is not high. The large amount of smut present in some fields, however, attracted attention, and so smut collections were made. In the fields where the collections used in these tests were obtained, the smut in’feetion was as high as 65% by actual count. The collections of smut are listed and described in Table 1. All of the collections were designated as U. levis and all except collections Nos. i and. 7 were typical of this species. In the latter collections, however, several of the heads and spores approached U. areolae in appearance and the collections may have been mixtures of both species. In 1928, three smut collections were made. These are numbered one to three in Table 1. Seed of Markton was hulled and heavily coated with equal amounts of spores of these collections three weeks previous to planting. The grain was sown in rows 8 feet long on April 24, ~929. On June 19, when the plants were 5 ilaches high, half of each row was cut back with scissors to retard the growth of the plants. All of the smut observed in 1929 was found in the cut half of the row, indicating that the resistance of the plant was lowered or