Snowiness as a factor for assessing the avalanche activity in poorly explored mountainous areas (on the example of the Baikal region)

The relevance of the study of snowiness in the Baikal region is due to the long-term existence of a stable snow cover, which determines the development of such dangerous natural phenomena as snow runup, snow loads, snow flows and avalanches, which can cause a serious damage to the infrastructure facil up, snow loads, snow flows and avalanches, which can cause a serious damage to the infrastructure facilities. The problem is aggravated by the lack of comprehensive studies of nival phenomena, which are not taken into account in the construction of such important industrial facilities as railway bridges, power lines, railways and highways. The purpose of the article is to assess the risks of unfavorable and dangerous phenomena of a nival nature in the Baikal region, as well as to develop methods of protection against them. The results of observations are presented. The total amount of precipitation was determined. The dynamics of snowfall indicators as indicators of the avalanche formation regime in the mountains of the Baikal region was carried out. The chronology of winters with different snowfall indicators was reconstructed. The amount of precipitation in the cold period was taken as a basic indicator. A scheme for assessing snowiness for poorly studied areas was developed. The calculation of values of the spatial correlation of snowfall indicators was carried out, which made it possible to identify areas with synchronous fluctuations in the amount of precipitation of the cold season for many years. It was established that dependences of the snow cover height and snow reserves on the terrain height remained unchanged. The dependences of snow cover indicators on different factors were identified.