Impact of soil factor on the state of Picea abies (L.) and Pinus sylvestris (L.) stands in Leningrad region and in Ida-Virumaa county (Estonia)

Рассматривается проблема воздействия почвенного фактора на состояние древостоев ели европейской Picea abies (L.) и сосны обыкновенной Pinus sylvestris (L.). Цель работы – выявление возможной взаимосвязи между состоянием зеленых насаждений и физико-химическими свойствами почвы, на которой они произрастают. В рамках исследования было заложено 11 пробных площадей постоянного наблюдения, расположенных на территории городских лесов в различных районах Санкт-Петербурга (Выборгский, Курортный, Пушкинский), в Выборгском районе Ленинградской области, в Эстонской Республике (уезд Ида- Вирумаа). На каждой пробной площади проведено таксационное описание и дана оценка фитосанитарного состояния от 70 до 100 деревьев, определен средний балл состояния древостоя в целом. Приведены факторы ослабления, выявленные при рекогносцировочном обзоре, проведенном в конце вегетационного периода на каждой пробной площади (по состоянию на сентябрь 2017 г.). Рассматриваются результаты комплексного агрохимического анализа почвы обследуемых участков: гранулометрический состав, количество органического вещества и кислотность почвы, содержание в почве обменного калия и подвижного фосфора. На основании полученных данных определена степень окультуренности почвы. Проводится анализ катионно-анионного состава водной вытяжки почвы с расчетом суммы токсичных солей на обследуемых территориях. Результаты почвенного анализа показали достаточную обеспеченность растений подвижным фосфором и органическим веществом, пониженное содержание обменного калия и высокий уровень кислотности почвы на большинстве обследуемых участков. Показатель суммы токсичных солей в почве не превышает порогового значения. Выявлены почвенные факторы, оказывающие наибольшее воздействие на фитосанитарное состояние сосновых и еловых древостоев: значение pH и уровень содержания токсичных солей в почве. This article discusses the impact of soil factors on the state of Picea abies (L.) and Pinus sylvestris (L.) stands. The aim of research is to identify the possible relationship between the condition of green spaces and physical-chemical properties of the soil in which they grow. The study was founded on 11 sample plots in ongoing monitoring, located in urban forests in different districts of St. Petersburg (Vyborg, Resort, Pushkin), in the Vyborg district of the Leningrad region and the Republic of Estonia (the County of IDA-Virumaa). It was carried out taxonomic description and evaluation of phytosanitary condition of from 70 to 100 trees in each sample area with the definition of the average score of the state of the forest as a whole. It was lists factors of weakening, detected during reconnaissance survey conducted at the end of the vegetation period in each sample area (as of September 2017). The article discusses the results of agrochemical soil analysis of the surveyed plots: granulometric composition; the amount of organic matter and the acidity of the soil; the content of soil exchangeable potassium and phosphorus. The article also presents data on the cation-anionic composition of the aqueous extract of the soil, and calculates the sum of toxic salts on the surveyed territories. The results of the soil analysis showed sufficient supply of plant phosphorus and organic matter, low content of exchange potassium and high levels of soil acidity on most of the This article discusses the impact of soil factors on the state of Picea abies (L.) and Pinus sylvestris (L.) stands. The aim of this research is to identify the possible relationship between the condition of green spaces and physical-chemical properties of the soil in which they grow. The study was founded on 11 sample plots in ongoing monitoring, located in urban forests in different districts of St. Petersburg (Vyborg, Resort and Pushkin), in the Vyborg district of the Leningrad region and the Republic of Estonia (the County of IDA-Virumaa). It was carried out taxonomic description and evaluation of phytosanitary condition of from 70 to 100 trees in each sample area with the definition of the average score of the state of the forest as a whole. It was lists factors of weakening, detected during reconnaissance survey conducted at the end of the vegetation period in each sample area (as of September 2017). The article discusses the results of agrochemical soil analysis of the surveyed plots: granulometric composition; the amount of organic matter and the acidity of the soil; the content of soil exchangeable potassium and phosphorus. The article also presents data on the cation-anionic composition of the aqueous extract of the soil, and calculates the sum of toxic salts on the surveyed territories. The results of the soil analysis showed sufficient supply of plant phosphorus and organic matter, low content of exchange potassium and high levels of soil acidity on most of the surveyed plots. The sum of toxic salts in the soil does not exceed the threshold level. Research has identified the soil factors that have the greatest impact on the phytosanitary condition of pine and spruce stands: the level of acidity, content of toxic salts in the soil.plots. The sum of toxic salts in the soil does not exceed the threshold level. Research has identified the soil factors that have the greatest impact on the phytosanitary condition of pine and spruce stands: the level of acidity, content of toxic salts in the soil.