Open AccessApplicability of Superheated Water Extraction for the Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Leafy Vegetables
Author(s) -
Takashi Yarita,
Atsuhiko Hasegawa,
Hiroko Tada
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
analytical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.392
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1348-2246
pISSN - 0910-6340
DOI - 10.2116/analsci.21n003
Subject(s) - chemistry , pesticide , fenitrothion , extraction (chemistry) , pesticide residue , chromatography , environmental chemistry , agronomy , biology
Superheated water extraction (SWE) of pesticide residues in a cabbage sample was demonstrated. The recovery yields of several relatively polar pesticides (log P ow < 3) by the spike-and-recovery method at 100°C were acceptable. Increasing the extraction temperature up to 150°C led to enhanced extraction efficiency except for pesticides that induced degradation. The recovery yields of some target pesticides having log P ow values of 3.5 - 4 were effectively enhanced by increasing the number of extraction cycles. The observed concentration of fenitrothion in a cabbage sample was comparable with those by the official Japanese analytical method. These results suggested SWE is potentially suitable for the extraction of different relatively high-to-medium polarity pesticides.