Open AccessSocio-Demographic Factors and Epidemiological Characteristics of HIV-Positive Pregnant Women with High Risk of Vertical Transmission of the Immunodeficiency Virus
Author(s) -
Anastasiya Vanyarkina,
А. Г. Петрова,
Lyubov Rychkova,
Е. В. Москалева,
Е. А. Новикова
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2158-0529
pISSN - 2158-0510
DOI - 10.21103/article11(4)_oa27
Subject(s) - medicine , transmission (telecommunications) , incidence (geometry) , obstetrics , pregnancy , epidemiology , retrospective cohort study , logistic regression , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , pediatrics , immunology , physics , optics , biology , electrical engineering , genetics , engineering
The purpose of this study was to determine the features of the course of pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period in HIV-positive women with a high risk of HIV vertical transmission. Methods and Results: A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of mother-child pairs for the period from 2017 to 2019 was conducted in the Irkutsk City Perinatal Center (level III). The clinical observation group included HIV-positive women (n=213) and their newborn children with a high risk of perinatal immunodeficiency virus transmission (n=214). The findings of the conducted study demonstrated that most HIV-seropositive women with a high risk of HIV vertical transmission had an aggravated social history, a high prevalence of pelvic inflammatory diseases, and a high incidence of opportunistic and AIDS-defining conditions. Evaluation of PMTCT preventive complex showed that the target parameters in women with a high risk of HIV transmission were not reached: the first stage was performed for 49.3% of pregnant women with good ART adherence, the second stage – for 97.1% of obstetric patients, the third stage – in 100% of HIV perinatally exposed children. HIV RNA was detected in 3.7% of children, which evidences their antenatal infection. Conclusion: Development of efficient communication with HIV-positive women aimed at preservation of their health and decrease of logistic barriers to access to medical care.