Open AccessKarakterisasi secara Morfologi Abnormalitas Embrio Somatik Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dari Eksplan Daun
Author(s) -
Nesti Fronika Sianipar,
G. A. Wattimena,
Hajrial Aswidinnoor,
Maggy Thenawidjaya S,
Nurita Toruan-Mathius,
G. Ginting
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
jurnal agrobiogen/jurnal agrobiogen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2549-1547
pISSN - 1907-1094
DOI - 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p32-39
Subject(s) - somatic embryogenesis , elaeis guineensis , biology , embryo , callus , somatic cell , clone (java method) , explant culture , cotyledon , subculture (biology) , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , horticulture , embryogenesis , genetics , in vitro , palm oil , gene , agroforestry
Morphological Characterization on Abnormalities of Oilpalm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Embryo Somatic Generated from Leaf Explant. Nesti F. Sianipar, Gustav A. Wattimena, Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Maggy Thenawidjaya S., Nurita Toruan-Mathius, and Gale Ginting. Somatic embryogenesis is the development of somatic cells to form a structure alike zygotic embryo direct or indirectly. Somatic embryos from young leaf explants could be induced from primary callus formed surrounding the palm-leaf rib. Embryogenic callus will develop to be somatic embryos which grew nonuniformly. Embryo somatic growth pattern of globular, asymmetric heart shape, and cotyledon ary stage produced different morphological variation. Morphological variability of in vitro somatic embryos could be due to high application of growth regulator 2,4-D at the beginning of initiation, subculture frequency, loaded cells, and polysomic cells from certain tissues. From the three clones used, which were clone 638, 636, and 558, there were different variation at each step of development stages, grouping morphologically into normal and abnormal based on the development of somatic embryos. The percentage of abnormality from the three clone used was clone 27% (638), 30% (636), and 46% (558). The normal somatic embryos at globular stage were round and bipolar shaped; while the abnormal embryos were oval and no bipolar. At heart-shape stage, the normal somatic embryos had symmetrical polarized surface; while the abnormal embryos had asymmetrical polarized surface. At the cotyledon stage, the normal embryos had monocot-tyledon; the abnormal ones were more than one cotyledon.