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Analisis Faktor Penyebab Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah Menjadi Sawit di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur
Author(s) -
Asnelly Ridha Daulay,
Eka Intan Kumala Putri,
Baba Barus,
Bambang Pramudya Noorachmat
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
analisis kebijakan pertanian/analisis kebijakan pertanian
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2549-7278
pISSN - 1693-2021
DOI - 10.21082/akp.v14n1.2016.1-15
Subject(s) - business , agricultural science , limiting , forestry , government (linguistics) , geography , agricultural economics , economics , engineering , linguistics , philosophy , environmental science , mechanical engineering
One-Million Hectares of Oil Palm Plantation Program in 2000 was deemed as the starting point of lowland conversion in East Tanjung Jabung Regency. This study aims to review the impact of development policy in the past on lowland conversion, to compare costs and incomes between those of paddy farming and oil palm plantation business, and to analyze constraints to implement the target of Sustainable Land for Food Agriculture Protection (PLP2B) Program. Primary data were collected from observation, focus group discussion, and in-depth interview with resource persons, survey and Landsat Imaginary data. Secondary data were gathered from the institutions at provincial and regency levels. This study explored both qualitative and quantitative methods as well as by overlay of maps in 2006, 2010 and 2014. Development policy inconsistency is influenced by change in regency government leadership with the new mission not well integrated with the previous programs. On the other hand, land rent of paddy farm was much less than that of oil palm plantation. There are some constraints to implement the PLP2B Program, namely weak Regional Regulations, lack of coordination among the Regional Government institutions, and limited development budget. It is suggested that the Regency Government to evaluate PLP2B Program target by considering some limiting factors, issuing the Regent’s Regulation dealing with incentives to farmers and program coordinators, and controlling the regional planning.Abstrak Program Satu Juta Hektare Lahan Sawit tahun 2000 merupakan titik awal terjadinya alih fungsi lahan sawah di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan pembangunan pada masa lalu terhadap kejadian alih fungsi lahan sawah, perbandingan biaya dan pendapatan usaha tani padi dengan kelapa sawit, dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam mewujudkan target PLP2B. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi, diskusi kelompok, wawancara mendalam dengan narasumber terpilih, survei, serta data Citra Landsat; sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi pemerintah di Provinsi Jambi dan Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah kombinasi kualitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif serta overlay peta penggunaan lahan tahun 2006, 2010, dan 2014. Inkonsistensi kebijakan pembangunan dilatari terjadinya pergantian pimpinan daerah yang misinya kurang terintegrasi dengan program pembangunan pertanian sebelumnya serta terdapat kesenjangan land rent di mana pendapatan dari lahan sawah jauh lebih rendah dibanding kelapa sawit dengan luasan yang sama. Tantangan menerapkan Perda PLP2B sangat berat: kurang memadainya regulasi, lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi pemerintah terkait, hingga keterbatasan dana pembangunan. Pemerintah daerah disarankan mengkaji kembali target PLP2B dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor pembatas, menerbitkan Peraturan Bupati sehingga dapat diatur jenis dan besaran nilai insentif yang diterima petani serta koordinator program serta pengetatan pengawasan implementasi RTRW.

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