Open AccessArtificial intelligence in personalized cardiovascular medicine and cardiovascular imaging
Author(s) -
Ikramul Haq,
Iqraa Haq,
Bo Xu
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.83
H-Index - 22
eISSN - 2223-3660
pISSN - 2223-3652
DOI - 10.21037/cdt.2020.03.09
Subject(s) - medicine , modalities , workflow , medical imaging , cardiovascular health , disease , personalized medicine , artificial intelligence , magnetic resonance imaging , medical physics , precision medicine , intensive care medicine , machine learning , radiology , pathology , bioinformatics , computer science , social science , database , sociology , biology
The collection of large, heterogeneous electronic datasets and imaging from patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has lent itself to the use of sophisticated analysis using artificial intelligence (AI). AI techniques such as machine learning (ML) are able to identify relationships between data points by linking input to output variables using a combination of different functions, such as neural networks. In cardiovascular medicine, this is especially pertinent for classification, diagnosis, risk prediction and treatment guidance. Common cardiovascular data sources from patients include genomic data, cardiovascular imaging, wearable sensors and electronic health records (EHR). Leveraging AI in analysing such data points: (I) for clinicians: more accurate and streamlined image interpretation and diagnosis; (II) for health systems: improved workflow and reductions in medical errors; (III) for patients: promoting health with further education and promoting primary and secondary cardiovascular health prevention. This review addresses the need for AI in cardiovascular medicine by reviewing recent literature in different cardiovascular imaging modalities: electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, cardiac nuclear imaging, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as well as the role of EHR. This review aims to conceptulise these studies in relation to their clinical applications, potential limitations and future opportunities and directions.