Relation of technology and urbanization with electricity consumption in Kazakhstan

We analyze the impact of social, economic and technical factors on power consumption in Kazakhstan. The work uses time series cointegration equation with the Granger causality test for data 1993-2019. The results show that urbanization, income levels and technology levels affect electricity consumption in the long term. Urbanization and economic growth have a strong impact on growth in electricity consumption. In the article, the influence of growth of digital technologies use which can have bi-directional influence on the energy consumption is analyzed. In the long term, the development of digital technologies in Kazakhstan reduces the need for electricity through the use of energy-saving measures. Digitalization should stimulate the efficiency of energy systems by optimizing consumption and metering, reducing losses, generating with the lowest costs and emissions, etc.