Open AccessDIABETES MELLITUS AND COVID-19. FEATURES OF THE MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF THE TWO PANDEMICS
Author(s) -
Juliya S. Kovalenko,
A. L. Ivanova,
И. В. Король,
T. V. Bizheva
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
vestnik sovremennoj kliničeskoj mediciny
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2079-553X
pISSN - 2071-0240
DOI - 10.20969/vskm.2021.14(4).58-66
Subject(s) - diabetes mellitus , medicine , pandemic , disease , type 2 diabetes mellitus , cytokine storm , intensive care medicine , covid-19 , incidence (geometry) , infectious disease (medical specialty) , endocrinology , physics , optics
Background.The COVID19 pandemic that emerged in China in late 2019 continues to be a global public health problem. The growing incidence of diabetes mellitus makes it necessary to assess the mutual impact of these two diseases on the patient prognosis. Aim. The aim of the study was to review the current information about the effect of SARSCoV2 virus on the course of diabetes mellitus and mortality, to consider the probability of developing newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients who underwent COVID19, and to analyze the possibilities of hypoglycemic therapy in the treatment of COVID19 diabetic disease. Material and methods.Literature sources were searched in the PubMed database, using the keywords: COVID19, SARSCoV2, and diabetes mellitus. The analysis included literature reviews, metaanalyses, systematic reviews, and clinical trials. Results and discussion.After reviewing about 9,000 sources of literature, 295 of the most relevant publications were analyzed, 60 of which were included in this paper. Insufficiently controlled diabetes mellitus appears to be independently associated with COVID19 severity and high risk of death. Patients with severe COVID19 in the background of diabetes mellitus are more susceptible to the damaging effects of the cytokine storm. Against the background of SARSCoV2 infection joining diabetes mellitus, decompensation of the disease with hyperglycemia occurs, which is difficult to correct even with insulin therapy. SARSCoV2 virus has the ability to bind to angiotensinconverting enzyme type 2 receptors that are expressed in βcells, which can lead to rapid metabolic deterioration with the development of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. There is a hypothesis of a potential link between SARSCoV2 infection and the development of newly diagnosed diabetes through a direct effect of the virus on pancreatic βcells. Certain blood glucoselowering drugs can be continued when infected with SARSCoV2 with a positive effect. Conclusions. More research is needed to determine the role of SARSCoV2 virus in the development of acute complications and manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Possibilities of modern hypoglycemic therapy of diabetes in COVID19 are generally evaluated positively and require further study.