Open AccessLeucocytes and Th-associated cytokine profile of HIV-leishmaniasis coinfected patients attending the Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Author(s) -
Idris Nasir Abdullahi,
Anthony Uchenna Emeribe,
Hafeez Aderinsayo Adekola,
Habiba Yahaya Muhammad,
Abdurrahman Elfulaty Ahmad,
Abubakar Umar Anka,
Shamsuddeen Haruna,
Bamidele Soji Oderinde,
Mohammad Yusuf,
Halima Ali Shuwa,
Adamu Babayo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of medical science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2353-9801
pISSN - 2353-9798
DOI - 10.20883/medical.408
Subject(s) - medicine , immunology , leishmaniasis , serology , leishmania , antibody , eosinophil , coinfection , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , parasite hosting , world wide web , computer science , asthma
. T helper cells (Th)-1 and -2 cytokines homeostasis control or predict clinical outcome of infected persons, especially those with HIV/AIDS. This case-control study evaluated the leucocyte differentials, TNF-α, IL-2 and -10 levels, among HIV-infected persons with serological evidence of leishmaniasis attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.Material and Methods. This study involved blood samples from 28 HIV-infectedwith Leishmania donovani rK39 and IgG positive (group 1), 30 age- and sex-matched HIV-infected individuals without Leishmania antibodies (group 2) and 30 apparently healthy persons without HIV and Leishmania antibodies (group 3). Full blood counts, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-10 levels were analysed using an automated haematology analyser and ELISA, respectively. Structured questionnaires were used to collate biochemical and clinical data from participants.Results. Ten (35.7%) participants in group 1 were on ART, 15 (50%) in group 2 were on ART, while group 3 were ART naïve. There were significantly higher values in basophil (4.4 ± 2.5%) and eosinophil counts (12.9 ± 3.8%) in HIV/Leishmania coinfected persons (p˂0.005), whereas other white cell subpopulations were significantly lower in the HIV/Leishmania coinfected participants (p˂0.05). There were significantly reduced CD4+ T cell counts (119 ± 26 vs 348 ± 63 vs 605 ± 116 cells/mm3), TNF-α (36.82 ± 8.21 vs 64.67 ± 12.54 vs 254.98 ± 65.59 pg/mL) and IL-2 levels (142.14 ± 20.91 vs 507.6 ± 84.42 vs 486.62 ± 167.87 pg/mL) among HIV/Leishmania coinfected participants compared to group 2 and group 3 participants, respectively. However, higher IL-10 levels (80.35 ± 14.57 pg/mL) were detected in HIV/Leishmania coinfected participants compared to the HIV mono-infected (62.2 ± 10.43 pg/mL) and apparently healthy persons (23.97 ± 4.88 pg/mL; p˂0.001).Conclusion. Eosinophil and basophil counts, and serum IL-10 level were high in HIV/Leishmania coinfected patients demonstrating parasite-induced hypersensitivity and immunosuppression.