Open AccessEpidemiological profile of postoperative digestive fistulas
Author(s) -
Bianca Marochi,
Daniela Thaís Lorenzi Pereira,
Luiza Manfroi Lattmann,
Sthefany Mais,
Arthur Nathan Luiz Ferreira Matos,
Thais Mayumi Komatsu Fukuchi,
Theodoro Busso Beck Neto,
Maurício Chibata,
Francisco Emanuel de Almeida
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of surgical and clinical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2179-7889
DOI - 10.20398/jscr.v12i2.25642
Subject(s) - medicine , fistula , abdominal surgery , epidemiology , incidence (geometry) , surgery , intensive care unit , mortality rate , intensive care , general surgery , intensive care medicine , physics , optics
Background and objectives: Gastrointestinal fistulas are anomalous communications between the digestive system and other structures. This article presents the epidemiological profile of patients who developed postoperative abdominal fistulas and their outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated surgical procedures done in a 25 week period that presented risks for fistulous formations. Were analyzed age, type of the surgery (elective or urgent), pre-existing risk factors, need for post-surgical intensive care unit, type of fistula, reoperations to the fistula treatment, and outcome (discharge or death). Results: There were 1785 abdominal surgical procedures, with a fistula incidence of 1.8%. Most of the patients who developed fistulas were over 60 years old (71.4%), and surgeries that resulted in fistulous complications were mainly urgent (75.0%), with the need for intensive care in 46.9%. The most frequent types of fistula were enteral (52.3%) and biliary (23.8%), and surgical treatment took place in 53.1% of cases. Late hospital discharge was predominant in these patients (40.6%), and the death rate was 3.1%. Discussion: These complications are common after abdominal surgery and require clinical attention. There is a correlation between the formation of the fistulas and urgent surgery procedures, directly impacting the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: The risk factors of fistula development are advanced age and the presence of malignant disease. They are more prevalent in urgent surgeries and patients were more likely to need reoperation and have a delay on discharge.