The influence of affixes on the phonosemantic gradable picture of derivative words in V. Mayakovsky's poetic texts

In a poetic text, derivative words play an important role in solving artistic problems and creating images. The wordformation method is a set of affixes linked by paradigmatic relations that differ in productivity, distribution and additional meanings. V. Mayakovsky's texts are characterised by the productive use of neologisms, which creates their specificity and uniqueness and contributes to the realisation of certain qualitative and characterising meanings. Derivatives and word-formation devices become the means of actualising different gradable meanings: these formations are characterised by the expression of the gradable semantics of derivatives (increase/intensification,, higher/extreme degree of manifestation of a feature, process, phenomenon), contained in the gradoseme (the seme of measure and degree) of the language units under study. Affixal neologisms implement and specify quality attributes of the meanings expressed. The speaker's subjective perception of the real world is conveyed. Mayakovsky's poetic texts give the material to examine the affixal formation of nouns and adjectives in terms of its influence on the richness of speech. The research focuses on the words that allow the narrator to solve artistic and aesthetic problems and to became the basic means of creating the image. The particular expressiveness of these formations is explained by the contrast between the style and the special semantics of gradual prefixes. The objective phonosemantic picture of the words/word pairs in question reflects different relationships between sound and meaning, ranging from complete conformity to contradiction between them. The contradictions between sound and meaning in affixal structures usually lead to ironic use of derived lexemes in context. These structures perform different semantic and contextual functions.