Female political activity as a result of spreading feminism ideas and the modernization of russian provincial culture at the beginning of the XX century (based on the materials of Vologda newspapers)

The article considers the cultural problems of genesis and the spread of feminist sentiments in the Russian province of the early XX century in the context of women's participation in the political life of the Russian Empire. Theemancipation of women is one of the most revealing processes within which there is a struggle between conservative and modernist values of social consciousness, which determine the spiritual content of the both that era and modern times. The culmination period for the women's movement for equality was the revolutionary time of the late XIX — early XX centuries, when women in Russia managed to achieve impressive results in this direction. This was due to several reasons. Firstly, the socio-cultural modernization of the turn of the XIX-XX centuries invaded for a long time the ideas of people about the role and purpose of women, as well as about relations between the sexes, which seemed immutable and inviolable, that is, it affected the so-called «gender sphere», which gave a new impetus to the ideology and movement of feminism. Secondly, in Russia, where there was always a special interest of society in the «female» topic, the history of the development of this phenomenon had its own features, and in some respects the emancipation process was even ahead of the european one. Thirdly, the historical connection of russian feminism with the revolutionary liberation movement and the prevailing pre-revolutionary situation in the country played a large role in this, and therefore the socio-political aspect of female activity in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century is of particular interest. At the same time, not only the events and processes themselves with the participation of women are important and significant, but also the perception and assessments of them by modern people, given in the article on the example of the analysis of Vologda newspaper publications of the early Modernism period. For the first time, articles from the newspapers «Vologodsky Listok», «Russky Sever» and «Severnaya Zemlya» were introduced into scientific circulation.