Open AccessProfile and Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Indonesian People During COVID-19 Pandemic
Author(s) -
Teresa Mika Argo,
Andree Kurniawan,
Jean Andrina Liem,
Jeremy Octavian Sugianto,
Rafael Jonathan Michael,
Nathania Victoria Stevina Tanuwijaya,
Lisa Agatha,
Beverley Wonsono,
D.S. Rivami
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
medicinus
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2622-6995
pISSN - 1978-3094
DOI - 10.19166/med.v8i3.3770
Subject(s) - anxiety , depression (economics) , covid-19 , pandemic , indonesian , demography , affect (linguistics) , medicine , psychology , clinical psychology , psychiatry , disease , sociology , linguistics , philosophy , communication , infectious disease (medical specialty) , economics , macroeconomics
Background : As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia implemented various policies to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19, starting from large-scale social restrictions, quarantines, and even lockdowns. Without exception, schools were also closed. These conditions affect people psychologically, including levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in students. The aim of this study is to determine profile and factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress in Indonesian people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods : A cross-sectional study among students in Indonesia was conducted to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels in adolescents based on their sociodemographic characters. The DASS-21 questionnaire was distributed online. Results : A total of 913 people participated from all provinces in Indonesia. Depression, anxiety, and stress were found in 43.5%, 43.3%, 25.2%, respectively. The severity of depression was significantly associated with age (p<0.001), gender(p=0.003), and region(p=0.039). Adults (25-55) are 4.6 times odds more likely to have depression than adolescent during pandemic (OR=4.641, 95% CI=2.053-10.491). The severity of anxiety was significantly associated with age (p=0.002), gender(p<0.001), education (p=0.004) and region(p=0.004). The severity of stress was significantly associated with gender (p<0.001) and education (p=0.018). Conclusion : Depression, anxiety and stress quite common found in Indonesian during COVID-19 pandemic. Several sociodemographic factors were associated with depression, anxiety and stress among Indonesia