Discourse analysis as methodological theory for studies in communication: possibilities and displacements of looks about subjects, statements and contexts

Based on the linguistic studies of Michel Pêcheux  as a preacher of the French School of Discourse Analysis, this article presents a proposal for a basic understanding of the concepts of subject, statement and context which, understood as theoretical devices and devices of analysis, are possible tools in communicational process studies. We stress the relations between subjects and authorship, between communicational products and discourses in relation to texts and their conceptions. By distancing our looks from objective studies that focus on the idea of intentionality in the production of statements, we could suggest some avenues of reflection when we come across statements as object of study. In sum, we observe that when we reflect on the constitution of statements full of discourses, it is not possible to question "what this subject meant" and "what this statement wants to show us." We come to the key consideration of this article: a possible questioning of the answer to discourse analysis as a methodological theory for research in communication is "how this statement was constituted." From there, it becomes possible to devise strategies to analyze what is proposed. In this way, the analyst can infer ideas that surpass the surface of the grammatical composition of texts.