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Association Between Periodontitis and Amyloid β Peptide in Elderly People With and Without Cognitive Impairment
Author(s) -
GilMontoya José Antonio,
Barrios Rocío,
Santana Soraya,
SanchezLara Inés,
Pardo Cristobal Carnero,
FornielesRubio Francisco,
Montes Juan,
Ramírez Carlos,
GonzálezMoles Miguel Angel,
Burgos Javier S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2017.170071
Subject(s) - periodontitis , medicine , dementia , association (psychology) , cognitive impairment , cognition , disease , aggressive periodontitis , psychiatry , psychology , psychotherapist
Background: Evidence that periodontal disease is a possible risk factor for cognitive impairment may be explained by the inflammatory hypothesis. The aim of this study is to determine whether periodontitis is related to the amyloid β (Aβ) load in blood and the role of any such relationship in the association between Aβ and cognitive impairment. Methods: A case‐control study was performed in elderly people diagnosed with cognitive impairment with or without dementia (cases group) and cognitively healthy elderly people (control group); data were collected on the medical and dental history of participants, and blood samples were drawn to determine Aβ levels using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The study included 166 patients and 122 control participants. Higher blood Aβ 1‐42 levels ( P = 0.01) and higher Aβ 42:40 ratio ( P = 0.06) were observed in participants with severe attachment loss than in other participants. Periodontitis was a significant interaction variable, given that the association between Aβ 1‐42 and Aβ 1‐40 and cognitive impairment was only observed in patients with severe periodontitis. According to these data, periodontitis may be a modulating variable of the association between Aβ and cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Plasma Aβ 1‐42 levels are higher in individuals who have severe periodontal disease. The presence of periodontitis may modify the association between Aβ and cognitive impairment.