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Furcation Therapy With Enamel Matrix Derivative: Effects on the Subgingival Microbiome
Author(s) -
Queiroz Lucas A.,
Casarin Renato C.V.,
Dabdoub Shareef M.,
Tatakis Dimitris N.,
Sallum Enilson A.,
Kumar Purnima S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2017.160542
Subject(s) - enamel matrix derivative , microbiome , dentistry , fusobacterium nucleatum , fusobacterium , oral microbiome , biology , medicine , buccal administration , bioinformatics , porphyromonas gingivalis , periodontitis , regeneration (biology) , bacteria , genetics , bacteroides
Background: Although enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been used to promote periodontal regeneration, little is known of its effect on the microbiome. Therefore, this investigation aims to identify changes in periodontal microbiome after treatment with EMD using a deep‐sequencing approach. Methods: Thirty‐nine patients with mandibular Class II buccal furcation defects were randomized to beta‐tricalcium‐phosphate/hydroxyapatite graft (BONE group), EMD+BONE, or EMD alone. Plaque was collected from furcation defects at baseline and 3 and 6 months post‐treatment. Bacterial DNA was analyzed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and 16S pyrotag sequencing, resulting in 169,000 classifiable sequences being compared with the Human Oral Microbiome Database. Statistical comparisons were made using parametric tests. Results: At baseline, a total of 422 species were identified from the 39 defects, belonging to Fusobacterium , Pseudomonas , Streptococcus , Filifactor , and Parvimonas . All three regenerative procedures predictably altered the disease‐associated microbiome, with a restitution of health‐compatible species. However, EMD and BONE+EMD groups demonstrated more long‐term reductions in a higher number of species than the BONE group ( P <0.05), especially disease‐associated species, e.g., Selenomonas noxia , F. alocis , and Fusobacterium . Conclusions: EMD treatment predictably alters a dysbiotic subgingival microbiome, decreasing pathogen richness and increasing commensal abundance. Further investigations are needed to investigate how this impacts regenerative outcomes.